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P. s.' GAURIAT 'u'oTIon PICTURE PROJECTION APPARATUS original 'Filed Feb. 4`. 19.22 s sheets-sheet 2,

Ressued Oct. l1, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFF-ics.

PIERRE SYLVAIN GAUBIAT, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO PATHE CINEMA, ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS PATHE FRERES, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

MoTIoN-PmTURn-raomorion APrARA'rUs.

OriginalNo. -1,596,'012, dated August 17, 1926, Serial No. 534,073, filed February .4, 1922, and. in France February 21, 1921. Application for reissue filed April 26, 1927. Serial No. 186,793.

The present invention deals with improvements in motion p icture projection apparatus'.

The invention contemplates the provision 0f a means forautomatically stopping the movement of the motion picture film in the apparatus. In its broader aspect, the invention comprises a stopping means Which is purely mechanical in its nature and a means.

tive position Where it may still continue to.

operate Without causing movement of the film..

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the film driving mechanism is controlled by the action of a lever or a similar element cti-operating with a contact element which is caused to bear upon one edge of the film in such a manner that When the said contact element falls into a notch in the edge .of the film the said lever or like element will act upon the film driving element in order to disengage the same from the film and to withdraw it into'a position Where the said driving mechanism may go on Working but Without acting upon the film so that the film is maintained stationary and a stationary image is projected upon the screen therefrom.

An advantage arising from my invention resides in the fact that the transfer can be easily-made from a motion picture projection to a stationary picture projection such as a title, a fixed object or the like, and vice versa, Without being obliged to stop the driving mechanism and consequently obviating all shocks or effects of inertia. On the other lhand the film may automatically stop atthe end of the projection Without any danger of tearing the film away from the storage reel to which the end of the film is preferably secured.

In the accompanying drawings, given by Way of example:

Figure 1 is a vertical elevational section of an apparatus constructed in accordance with the invent-ion, the sect-ion being taken l on the line -A of Figure 2; j

Figure 2 is a cross section on the line B-B of Figure 1;

And Figure 3 is a perspective View of the preferred form of stopping mechanism.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, I have illustrated the invention as embodied ina motion picture projection apparatus which comprises a storage reel, l, for the film with a revolvable core 2, t0 which the end of the film is preferably permanently secured.r The core is preferably provided at oneend with a groove 5 into which is adapted to fitany desired mechanical means for rotating the core. The. storage reel is provided with side Walls' 3 and an aperture 4L through Which the `film is fed and a support or bracket 6 serves to s`e.

cure the storage reel to the body of the projection apparatus. The

film passingv through the storage reel advancestlirough a y guideway 7 and a film gate 8 and is Wound up in the take up chamber presently to be described at the bottom of the-apparatus(4 The means for feeding the 'filmt through the apparatus preferably comprise feeding claws 12 which are carried on a support 11 which may be pivoted as at 11*1 to a yoke or frame 10 ivithin which is a cam 9 situated on a shaft 14. As the shaft and cam rotate the' frame or yoke 10 is caused to reciprocate vertically by the cam Within it.

This vertical movement of the yoke causes a. correspondingY vertical reciprocation of the support feeding claws the shaft 14, also there is provided l plate 13, onediametric side of Which set longitudinallyivith respect'to fthe other'.l

This cam plate is situated 'betW'eenffingers',r

11h and 11E associated Withthfesupp'ort 1l so that as the cam platefl'frotatesfwithlthe shaft 14 it causes a back and, forth lmov'e-v j, ment of the support 11 and consequentlyv of, j

the claws 12. Thus,l lfor every revolution Aof,

the` shaft 14, the clawsmake a yerticf'ilv reciprocation and a longitudinal'reciprocation and thus intermittently engage` the film to` cause intermittent passage through the ap-f' paratus in a Well known manner.

In conjunction with the apparatus above described, and the means for feeding the,

Film through the apparatus, I provide means automatically operated by the film for dis- "'irespect thereto.

engaging the feeding claws12' from the film aad for withdrawing .them to a position where they may-still continue to work or operate without effecting or causing any movement of the film. This means will best be understood by referencetof-Figure 3. The cam plate 13 has-,a- 'b'aring 13a encircling the shaft 14 andiadapted for sliding nonrotat able movement with respect thereto so that thefcam plate while caused to rotate with tlie "sl1aft 14 may movevlongitudinally with The cam plate and its bea-ring are normally urged and biased rby. a' springl encircling the shaft 14 to an 1noperative position, that is, a positionpushed back from the film, and consequently by reason of the operative associationv of the cam plate with the fingers 11b and 11 of the support 11, the support 11 andthe claws 12 carried thereby are also biasediby th s ring 15 to an inoperative positionvwhere t e feeding claws are out of engagement with the film. In order to maintain tle `cam LBf/and consequently the feeding claws Vin a forward orl operative position where the-feedinglglaws may engage the film to cause matgrient thereof, I provide a mechanism whic" may take the form of a lever 16 preferably piv-j oted as at 16b to a part of the frame of the projection apparatus. The leven is preff erably bifurcated as shown in Figure .3 to provide for the accommodation of a ring 17 loosely encircling the shaft 14 and secured to the lever as by means of set screws 17a.` The ring 17 abuts against the bearing 13 ofthe cam plate 13 so that when te lever is in its forward position, it serves t \ma1n'f' tain the cam plate and consequently' t ie eed ing claws in their forward positio here the feeding claws may engage the filmrThe the film through the apparatus either to project a stationary image or for some other purpose.

It will be seen that when` the roller strikes one of the notches in the film` it is urged thereinto by the 'spring 22, consequently the sliding member-moves the catch 20 so that the nose 21 is withdrawn from engagement with the lever 16. The cam 13 is thus released by the lever so that it is pushed back by the spring 15 to thereby Withdraw the feeding claws from engagement with the filinand to move them to a position where they may still continue to operate without effecting the operation of the film. In order to resume the projection. the operator may push by hand the lever 16 at the free end 16L thereof preferably projecting from -the side of the apparatus whereupon the nose 21 ofthe catch 20 will again engage the projection 16c of the lever 16 and the feeding claws are brought back into operative film engaging position. The film is thus restarted and as soon as the roller 19 leaves the notch in the film the lever 16 may be released by the operator and the projection of the film will go on continuously until another notch is reached in the film when the movement of the film is againautomatically stopped.

While the rest ofthe apparatus forms no part of the present invention and no claim is here addressed thereto, I will now go' on to ldescribe the same in order that it may be understood and the application of the inventionwith respect thereto appreciated.

23 is a driving worm mounted-on the shaft 14 and in engagement with the worm wheel 24. 25 is a pulley'mounted on the 4shaft of the actuating crank 26. 39 is a fiat lever is maintained in its forward('position-circular casing wherein the film is caused the lever and consequently stopping the ,movement ofthe film through the apparatus.

In the form of the invention under con sideration, this means includes a sliding member 18 having a'roller 19 adapted tocontact with the edge of the film. This sliding member as shown in Figure 3 is secured to -one arm of the pivoted catch 20, and a spring 22 is utilized for urging the sliding-member into' a firm contact with the edgeof the film. The film 50 is provided with notches 51 on its edge arranged at those places on the film where itis desired to stop the movement of guide 7, the

toenter directl after passin through the m moving be ore the aperture-8 and being engaged by the feeding claws: The mechanism for rewinding the film 1s constituted by the shaft 27 having disposed at the end thereof the screwdriver member 28 adapted to engage the groove 5 of the core 2 forming part of the storage' reel 1. The said shaft is actuated bythe movement of the hand crank by means of the pulley 25, the 'belt 29, the pulley 30, the ivorm wheel 31 and the worm 32.

The teethv of the wheel 31 and the worm 32 are situated in the oblique direction in such manner that the shaft 27, which has a sufficient play at the journals, is' withdrawn from the storage-reel when the crank is turned in the direction corresponding tothe projection, but will engage the sald core upon rotating the crank in the contrary direction.

The apparatus is completed by the objective 33,v a combined'fly wheel and shutter 34, and an optical arrangement for projection purposes comprising thek lantern 35, the

amp 36, mirror 37 and condenser 38.

In the form of construction shownl Ain the drawing, the apparatusis further` completed by `a winding device disposed as follows.

The'driving shaft 26a has mounted thereon a gear wheel 41 engaging agear wheel 42 mounted in a casing`40 which' is secured to the casing 39. The gear wheel 42 has secured thereto the pulley 43 which is conj nected by a belt 44 with a second pulley 45 -whose shaft 46 extends within the casing 39 at the centre of the same.

To the shaft 46 is` secured'a radial arm 47 having at the end thereof a small pin 48 disposed parallel lto the shaft.

Upon turning the crank 26 for the projection of the views, the film will move downwardly under the action of vthe claws 12 'While at the same time the arm 47 is given a movement of rotation within the casing 39. The pin 48- is thus brought in contact with thelm and acts upon the latter by friction in the direction of the winding, thereby vfacilitating the formation ofv the spiral turns.

To facilitate the winding, it is .advantageous to previouslyI give a slightly curved shape to the film 1n such manner that the end of the `film will itself take a vsuitable position for the engagement with the pin 48.

One'method for obtaining this deformation of the film consists in placing the reels of film in a drying room at a temperature of about 50 centigrade. Films thus prepared will roll upl in a very satisfactory manner in coils having regular turns.

By the use ofthe described device, a considerably greater length of film can be stored in thecasing 39 than if the said device were not employed.

It will be observed that there is still obtained with the said device the important` advantage arising from the facility with which the film may be disposed in the'operating position Without being obliged to secure the forward end of said'film to a winding reel as in the major part of the linown devices.

The operation of the apparatus is as fol! lows: Upon turning the crank 26, the shaft 14 is rotated by means of theworm 23. The

cam 9 imparts vertical motion to theclaw tating causes the support 11 to pivot on the frame 410,A and thus withdraws the claws 12 at stated intervals to release the same from the film, thus causing the claws to move upwardly in the disengaged position. Should it bev desired to temporarily obtain a fixed projection, such for instance as the projection of a title, the roller 19, Fig. 3,'Wil1 fall' into-a notch providedy at asuitable place in the edge of the film; the lever 20 will thus be drawn by the spring 22, the nose 21 of the same will disengage the lever 16, and the cam 13mayfhus recede under the action of thefspring 15, thereby maintaining the claws `12 constantly out of' engagement with the film. The latter will thus be held stationary fffilm which is formed in the edge toward the'end of the same, and in this manner the film is stopped, as in the case of the fixed projectionl shortly before it has become entirely unwound, thus preventing all tearing of-lthe film from the core 2 of -tlie storage ree Having now described-my invention, what I claim las new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A motion picture apparatus compris a lever pivoted to the apparatus and operatively 4associated with the feeding member so as to be capable of moving the feeding member into and out of the film path, a spring urging said lever away from the film, a spring controlled pawl adapted to retain the lever against the action of said spring, a contact member adapted to engage the film and operatively connectedto said pawl, and means yon the film for -causing actuation `of the contact member whereby the feeding member is moved out of engagement with the film by the spring and the film is auto-- matically stopped while the feeding member may continue to operate.

2. In a motion picture apparatus, the combination of a film feeding member of the type comprising a claw adapted to .engage and disengage the film perforations, with a control shaft for. the film lfeeding member, a sleeve mounted on said shaft so as to be rotated by and to'slide along the same, a cam secured to said sleeve and adapted to oscillate said feeding member to and from the film, a lever pivoted to'the apparatus body and connected to said sleeve so as to bev capable of moving the same along the vshaft and therebyr move the feeding member into and Aout ofthe film path, a spring urging said sleeve and lever away from the film. a spring-controlled pawl adapted to retain the lever against the action of said spring, a contact member adapted to engage the edgev of the film and operatively connected to said pawl, and means on the film for causing actuation of the :contact member to release the lever. p Y

3. A. motion` picture apparatus comprising a feeding member adapted to assume an operative positicn and an inoperative position, means for; causing the feeding member to assume itsoperative position in which a film is fed through the machine when the feeding meniber is operating, means automatically operated by the film for causing the feeding member 'to assume its inoperative position in I,which the feeding member may continue to operate without acting on the film, and means associated with the film for operating said means last-named.

4. A motion picture apparatus comprising a continuously reciprocated feeding member adapted upon engagement with aV film to impart an intermittent movement thereto, means for maintaining said feeding member` in a film engaging position, means operated by the film for causing the feeding member to assumea position out of engagement With the film whereby the film is stopped While the feeding member may continue to reciprocate, and means associated with the film for operating said means last-named.

5. Amotion picture apparatus cofnprising member may operate Without causingv movement of the film, means for holding the feeding member in its operative position in which the film is fed through the machine, and means associated With the film `for operating said holding means to causel the feeding member to be moved by the biasing means to inoperative position.

6. A motion picture apparatus comprising a feeding memberadapted to assume an operative position and an inoperative position, a member in engagement with the film for maintaining the feeding member in operative position in which the film is' fed through the machine, and means associated with the film for operating the contact member' so that the film is caused to assume its inoperative position Where it may operate Without causing movement of the film.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 31 day of March, 192'?.A

PIERRE SYLVAIN GAURIAT. 

